Failed: There was a problem authoring the DVD

solution:
Burn -> Preferences -> Video -> DVD -> NTSC

Comparison of file systems

The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of file systems.

reference : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file_systems

mac osx pdf電子書閱讀軟體推薦

軟體﹣Skim

NirCmd v2.52 - Freeware Windows command-line tool

NirCmd is a small command-line utility that allows you to do some useful tasks without displaying any user interface. By running NirCmd with simple command-line option, you can write and delete values and keys in the Registry, write values into INI file, dial to your internet account or connect to a VPN network, restart windows or shut down the computer, create shortcut to a file, change the created/modified date of a file, change your display settings, turn off your monitor, open the door of your CD-ROM drive, and more...

Examples of what you can do with NirCmd

Open the door of J: CD-ROM drive nircmd.exe cdrom open j:
Close the door of Y: CD-ROM drive nircmd.exe cdrom close y:
Speaks the text currently in the clipboard (For Windows XP and Vista). speak text ~$clipboard$
Increase the system volume by 2000 units (out of 65535) nircmd.exe changesysvolume 2000
Decrease the system volume by 5000 units (out of 65535) nircmd.exe changesysvolume -5000
Set the volume to the highest value nircmd.exe setsysvolume 65535
Mute the system volume nircmd.exe mutesysvolume 1
Unmute the system volume nircmd.exe mutesysvolume 0
Switch the system volume between the mute and normal state. nircmd.exe mutesysvolume 2
Create a shortcut on your desktop that switch the system volume between the mute and normal state. nircmd.exe cmdshortcut "~$folder.desktop$" "Switch Volume" mutesysvolume 2
Turn off the monitor nircmd.exe monitor off
Start the default screen saver nircmd.exe screensaver
Put your computer in 'standby' mode nircmd.exe standby
log off the current user nircmd.exe exitwin logoff
Ask if you want to reboot, and if you answer 'Yes', reboot the computer. nircmd.exe qboxcom "Do you want to reboot ?" "question" exitwin reboot
Turn off your computer nircmd.exe exitwin poweroff
Turn off all computers specified in computers.txt ! multiremote copy "c:\temp\computers.txt" exitwin poweroff force
Dial to "My Internet" connection nircmd.exe rasdial "My Internet"
Disconnect the "My Internet" connection nircmd.exe rashangup "My Internet"
Make your Internet Explorer windows 75% transparent ! (192 / 256) nircmd.exe win trans ititle "internet explorer" 192
Minimize all your Internet Explorer windows nircmd.exe win min class "IEFrame"
Close all your Internet Explorer windows nircmd.exe win close class "IEFrame"
Close all your Explorer windows (My Computer, folders, and so on) nircmd.exe win close class "CabinetWClass"
Hide all your Internet Explorer windows nircmd.exe win hide class "IEFrame"
Show all your Internet Explorer windows (after you made them hidden with previous example) nircmd.exe win show class "IEFrame"
Center all top-level windows nircmd.exe win center alltop
Remove the title bar of My Computer window. nircmd.exe win -style title "my computer" 0x00C00000
Return the title bar of My Computer window that we removed in the previous example. nircmd.exe win +style title "my computer" 0x00C00000
Set the My Computer window to right-to-left order (For hebrew and arabic languages) nircmd win +exstyle title "my computer" 0x00400000
Set all child windows of My Computer window to right-to-left order (For hebrew and arabic languages) nircmd win child title "my computer" +exstyle all 0x00400000
Create a shortcut on your desktop that closes all your Internet Explorer windows nircmd.exe cmdshortcut " "~$folder.desktop$ "Close All IE" win close class "IEFrame"
Create a shortcut on your desktop that hides all your Internet Explorer windows nircmd.exe cmdshortcut " "~$folder.desktop$ "Hide All IE" win hide class "IEFrame"
Create a shortcut on your desktop that shows back all your Internet Explorer windows nircmd.exe cmdshortcut " "~$folder.desktop$ "Show All IE" win show class "IEFrame"
Set the Windows Calculator as top-most window (above all other windows) nircmd.exe win settopmost title "Calculator" 1
Set the Windows Calculator back to regular window (non top-most window) nircmd.exe win settopmost title "Calculator" 0
Create a shortcut to Windows calculator under Start Menu->Programs->Calculators nircmd.exe shortcut "f:\winnt\system32\calc.exe" "~$folder.programs$\Calculators" "Windows Calculator"
Hide the desktop window nircmd.exe win hide class progman
Show the desktop window (After hiding it in previous example) nircmd.exe win show class progman
Hide the start button on the system tray nircmd.exe win child class "Shell_TrayWnd" hide class "button"
Show the start button on the system tray nircmd.exe win child class "Shell_TrayWnd" show class "button"
Hide the clock on the system tray nircmd.exe win child class "Shell_TrayWnd" hide class "TrayClockWClass"
Show the clock on the system tray nircmd.exe win child class "Shell_TrayWnd" show class "TrayClockWClass"
Kill (terminate) all instance of Internet Explorer processes nircmd.exe killprocess iexplore.exe
Create a shortcut on your desktop that opens the door of K: CDROM drive when you run it. nircmd.exe cmdshortcut "~$folder.desktop$" "Open CDROM" cdrom open k:
Create a shortcut to NirSoft Web site on your desktop nircmd.exe urlshortcut "http://www.nirsoft.net" "~$folder.desktop$" "NirSoft"
Add NirSoft Web site to your Favorities under Links folder. nircmd.exe urlshortcut "http://www.nirsoft.net" "~$folder.favorites$\Links" "NirSoft"
Create a shortcut to NirSoft Web site on the desktop of all computers listed in computers.txt nircmd.exe multiremote copy "c:\temp\computers.txt" urlshortcut "http://www.nirsoft.net" "~$folder.common_desktop$" "NirSoft"
Set the display mode to 800x600x24bit colors nircmd.exe setdisplay 800 600 24
Create a shortcut on the desktop that set the display mode to 800x600x24bit colors nircmd.exe cmdshortcut "~$folder.desktop$" "800x600x24" setdisplay 800 600 24
Copy all shortcuts on your desktop to another folder (f:\temp\desktop). nircmd.exe execmd copy "~$folder.desktop$\*.lnk" f:\temp\desktop
Restart your Apache server (under Windows NT/2000/XP/2003) nircmd.exe service restart apache
Create a shortcut on your desktop that restarts the Apache server nircmd.exe cmdshortcut "~$folder.desktop$" "Restart Apache" service restart apache
Restart your IIS nircmd.exe service restart w3svc
Restart MySql nircmd.exe service restart MySql
Open the desired Registry key/value in RegEdit nircmd.exe regedit "HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion" "CommonFilesDir"
Open the Registry key that you copied to the clipboard in RegEdit. nircmd regedit "~$clipboard$"
Disable the screen saver nircmd.exe regsetval sz "HKCU\control panel\desktop" "ScreenSaveActive" 0
Enable the screen saver nircmd.exe regsetval sz "HKCU\control panel\desktop" "ScreenSaveActive" 1
Change the date/time of the specified filename (creation time and modified time) nircmd.exe setfiletime "c:\temp\myfile.txt" "24-06-2003 17:57:11" "22-11-2005 10:21:56"
Copy your desktop folder path to the clipboard nircmd.exe clipboard set ~$folder.desktop$
Copy your start menu folder path to the clipboard nircmd.exe clipboard set ~$folder.start_menu$
Copy the content of info1.txt (simple text file) to the clipboard nircmd.exe clipboard readfile "c:\My Files\info1.txt"
Add the text content of clipboard to info1.txt nircmd.exe clipboard addfile "c:\My Files\info1.txt"
Clear the clipboard nircmd.exe clipboard clear
Create all folders specified in "c:\temp\folders.txt". The folder path names are separated by CRLF characters. nircmd.exe paramsfile "c:\temp\folders.txt" "" "" execmd md ~$fparam.1$
Install the specified .NET assembly in the global assembly cache (like gacutil) nircmd.exe gac install "C:\temp\MyAssembly\bin\MyAssembly.dll"
Empty the recycle bin in all drives. nircmd.exe emptybin
Answer 'Yes' to a standard Windows message-box. nircmd.exe dlg "" "" click yes
Wait 2 seconds, and then save the current screen to shot.png nircmd.exe cmdwait 2000 savescreenshot "f:\temp\shot.png"
Save 10 screenshots in a loop, and wait 60 seconds between the screenshot save calls. The filenames of the screenshot will contain the time and date of the saved screenshot. nircmd.exe loop 10 60000 savescreenshot c:\temp\scr~$currdate.MM_dd_yyyy$-~$currtime.HH_mm_ss$.png
Wait until Firefox is closed, and then say "Firefox was closed" waitprocess firefox.exe speak text "Firefox was closed"

System Requirements

This utility can work in all 32-bit Windows operating systems: Windows 9x/ME, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, and Windows Vista. However, some of NirCmd commands works only on Windows NT/2000/XP/2003/Vista.

官網：http://www.nirsoft.net/utils/nircmd.html

Portable PHP code: DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR is not necessary

In attempting to write cross-platform, portable PHP code, I used PHP’s DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR constant to write path strings, e.g. "..".DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR."foo", because the “proper” way to do it on Windows would be "..\foo" while on everything else (Linux, UNIX, Mac OS X) it would be "../foo".

Well, as Christian on php.net pointed out and the guys at Web Design Forums confirmed, that’s completely unnecessary. As long as you use the forward slash, “/”, you’ll be OK. Windows doesn’t mind it, and it’s best for *nix operating systems.

(Note that DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR is still useful for things like explode-ing a path that the system gave you. Thanks to Shadowfiend for pointing this out.)

reference : http://alanhogan.com/tips/php/directory-separator-not-necessary

Write file manipulation cross-platform PHP code

As we use Windows computers to develop our PHP scripts and Linux servers in production, we must be careful about what we use in our PHP script, especially when manipulating files.
A lot of PHP function work well in cross-platform, rename(), unlink(), copy(), realpath(), glob() ... all of them will do the job, whether they are called in Linux, or Windows, but when playing with temporary directory (That can be at different places, even on same platform), parsing file paths or include_path, we need some tools.
One thing to avoid is doing specific part of code for Windows, and specific for Linux.
So I will focus in this post on some functions and constants around file manipulation that are helpful when writing cross-platform code.

Temporary directory with sys_get_temp_dir()
sys_get_temp_dir() function is useful to find the path of the directory PHP stores temporary files by default.
echo sys_get_temp_dir();
Will output on Windows
C:\Windows\Temp\
and on Linux
/tmp
If you want to put some files in temporary directory, and don't want to check what is the temporary directory path, sys_get_temp_dir() is the function made for that.

DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR
Even if some people tell you that / will do the job in both Windows and Linux, using DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR is the good way to go.
Nothing tell us that next PHP Version or next OS you will deploy your PHP on will not change this, it's not about if it works or not with /, but if you really want to do cross-platform PHP at 100%, not just when you find it useful.
So DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR will produce / on Linux, and \ on Windows.
Where it's again useful, is for exploding or applying regular expression on paths
explode(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $path);
will look and perform better than doing
preg_split('/\\|\//', $path);

PATH_SEPARATOR
When playing with include_path, one difference between Windows and Linux, is the path separator between each include path, : for Linux and ; for Windows.
PATH_SEPARATOR will contain the right path separator for the actual platform.
# Printing base include_path
echo get_include_path() . PHP_EOL;

#Adding temporary directory to include_path
set_include_path(get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR .
sys_get_temp_var() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'somefolder');

# Printing modified include_path
echo get_include_path();
Will output in Linux
.:/usr/share/pear:/usr/share/php
.:/usr/share/pear:/usr/share/php:/tmp/somefolder
And on Windows
.;C:\Program Files\Zend\ZendServer\bin\pear;
.;C:\Program Files\Zend\ZendServer\bin\pear;C:\Windows\Temp\somefolder

Creating and managing temporary files with tmpfile()
tmpfile() function is useful as it will create a temporary file with a unique name in read-write mode and will returns a file handle to use with fwrite(), fread(), ...
The file is then removed by PHP when closed (fclose()), or when the script ends, you don't have to worry about cleaning or doing platform dependent code.
# Creating temporary file
$handle = tmpfile();

# Listing what is under temporary directory
var_dump(glob(sys_get_temp_dir() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'php*'));

# Closing resource link
echo 'Closing temporary file resource ...' . PHP_EOL;
fclose($handle);

# Listing what is under temporary directory
var_dump(glob(sys_get_temp_dir() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'php*'));
Will output on Linux
array(1) {
[0]=>
string(14) "/tmp/phpJeGEGm"
}
Closing temporary file resource ...
array(0) {
}
And on Windows
array(1) {
[0]=>
string(26) "C:\Windows\Temp\php82.tmp"
}
Closing temporary file resource ...
array(0) {
}
As you see, temporary file is created by PHP, and then removed without any action.

Conclusion
As you see, writing cross-platform PHP code is quick and simple, and can save you a lot of time, simply check PHP documentation if you have any doubt in a function.

reference : http://blog.elijaa.org/index.php?post/2010/10/14/Write-file-manipulation-cross-platform-PHP-code

PHP_EOL constant

This is a PHP constant that represents the correct end-of line string for the particular operating system you are running the code on.

If you plan to create cross-platform PHP applications this is the correct way to terminate a line in a text file instead of writing code to distinguish between the string "\r\n" and "\n" yourself.

See the invisible whitespace characters in Eclipse

It is now possible to see the invisible whitespace characters in textual editors:

This feature can either be controlled via "General > Editors > Text Editors > Show whitespace characters" preference, or via the tool bar button when the Editor Presentation action set is enabled.

reference : http://stackoverflow.com/questions/971283/view-tabs-in-eclipse

Avoiding the use of .htaccess for performance

.htaccess files are often used because they allow quick changes to the apache web server configuration and don’t require apache to be restarted. However with this flexibility comes a number of performance implications and as a result they should be avoided unless you have absolutely no other way to put configuration changes into effect e.g: shared hosting where you are unlikely to have access to httpd.conf.

The .htaccess performance hit
If .htaccess files are allowed (through the AllowOverride directive) then apache will look for .htaccess files on every request. In addition apache has to look up the directory tree to see if there are further .htaccess files in locations above the location the file is requested from so that it can tell which directives have precedence. For example: if you request a file from /foo/bar, apache has to look for /foo/bar/.htaccess, /foo/.htaccess and /.htaccess and that’s even if there are no .htaccess files present in any of those locations! Once a .htaccess file is found it has to be parsed and don’t forget all of this has to happen for every request!!

As there’s nothing in a .htaccess file that can’t be achieved in your httpd.conf (or files included by httpd.conf) it makes sense to move existing .htaccess rules into your apache conf using a Directory or Location directive as appropriate.

Restarting apache without dropping users
One other reason why .htaccess are seen as a convenience is that they don’t require apache to be restarted after configuration changes. However if you restart apache with “apachectl graceful” you only force the parent process to re-read the apache configuration files and the children to restart when they’re not doing anything and as a result no end users are suddenly dropped.

Finding all of the .htaccess files on your system
Simply drop on to your terminal and change directory to where you site files are located and run: find . -name *.htaccess -print. This should provide output that shows the location of all of the .htaccess files so you can go through one by one and move them to into httpd.conf or a file included by httpd.conf.

reference : http://muffinresearch.co.uk/archives/2008/04/07/avoiding-the-use-of-htaccess-for-performance/

Multiplatform Principle

Always
1)use lower case add underline for filename and foldername(EX: widget_framework, unit_test...)
2)use forward slash(/) for PATH